In November 1918, Aleksandra Zagórska’s son, 14-year-old Jurek Bitschan, was killed by a bullet in Lwow (today’s Lviv) during fighting with the Ukrainians. Zagórska’s personal tragedy gave rise to the…

Filled with luxury and works of art, the Polish ocean liner sailed for 33 years. Between 1936 and 1969, it carried more than 420,000 passengers. Why does ‘Batory’ evoke so…

In the early spring of 1942, the Home Army Headquarters in Warsaw announced a competition for a symbol that was to visibly attest that neither Poland nor the Poles would…

On 15 July 1410, on the fields near the village of Grunwald, a battle took place in which the combined knights of Poland and Lithuania broke the armed power of…

The German occupiers launched the coupon system at the earliest in Kraków. This took place on 13 November 1939. In Warsaw, it did not start until 15 December. It covered…

The Baranek family from the village of Siedliska near Miechow, together with their children, were killed by the Germans on the same day. The occupiers murdered first the Jews and…

During World War II, the Polish Government in Exile was granted the right to issue stamps that depicted the efforts of Poles in fighting the German occupier. A total of…

The Lemkos, but also Boykos, are groups of Ruthenian highlanders, after World War II described as Ukrainian. Nowadays, they are also referred to as Carpathian Rusyns, who together with the…

On Sunday, 11 July 1943, units of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) carried out a massive action against the Polish inhabitants of 150 villages in Volhynia. It is assumed that…

The village of Michniów, located at the foot of the Swietokrzyskie Mountains, was completely destroyed on 12-13 July 1943 and its inhabitants, including women and children, were brutally murdered by…