{"id":11816,"date":"2022-03-25T15:46:50","date_gmt":"2022-03-25T14:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dignitynews.eu\/?p=11816"},"modified":"2022-03-25T15:46:50","modified_gmt":"2022-03-25T14:46:50","slug":"the-last-jews-of-bialystok-in-the-small-ghetto-and-the-commando-1005","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dignitynews.eu\/en\/the-last-jews-of-bialystok-in-the-small-ghetto-and-the-commando-1005\/","title":{"rendered":"The last Jews of Bia\u0142ystok in the small ghetto and the Commando 1005"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5><strong>About 210,000 Jews and about 72,000 Poles died in Bezirk Bia\u0142ystok (Bia\u0142ystok District), established in July 1941. During the German occupation, it included the pre-war Bia\u0142ystok voivodeship (without the Suwa\u0142ki region), and some of the Pruzhany and Brest poviats from the former Polesie voivodeship. In the fall of 1941, the territory of the District was enlarged by the Grodno District.<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The largest ghetto was organized in Bia\u0142ystok inhabited by 40 to 60 thousand of residents. Its liquidation began in February 1943. The surviving Jewish population was concentrated in the so-called small ghetto which <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">also ceased to exist. The deportation began on September 8, 1943, and its inhabitants were sent to extermination camps (Be\u0142\u017cec, Auschwitz-Birkenau) and concentration camps (Majdanek).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some Jews survived disassembling machines in factories, sorting and transporting post-Jewish property, which was transported to warehouses, located at Kolejowa Street, subordinate to the Treuhandstelle. Later, prisoners of war who lived in barracks near the railway station helped to clear the ghetto of more valuable things.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The last, tragic event that affected the last Bia\u0142ystok&#8217;s Jews was the establishment of the Komando 1005. It consisted of 43 people and was organized by Waldemar Macholl (SS-Hauptsturmf\u00fchrer) in order to cover up the traces of Nazi crimes. In July 1944, the Jews from Komando 1005 realized that the Germans would want to murder them, but their chances of escaping were limited as they were imprisoned and released only for &#8220;actions&#8221;. It was only during the execution that the &#8220;smokers&#8221;, as they were called, decided to escape. Nine of them succeeded, 34 were shot down. For 14 days the lucky Jews stayed in hiding until the end of the German occupation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chaim Wr\u00f3bel survived, a witness at the Macholl trial in Bia\u0142ystok, and Szymon Amiel, who reported how the Germans tried to get rid of the evidence of the crime, blurring the traces of the murders. He testified that in May 1944, for eight weeks a car left the prison in Bialystok to transport members of the Komando in handcuffs to the places of mass murder near August\u00f3w, Grodno, Siedlce and Bia\u0142ystok, where they were ordered to burn the corpses, grind the bones. and scatter ashes under pain of death.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is estimated that out of all the inhabitants of the ghetto, 260 people survived the war, mainly in camps and partisan squads, as well as in hiding on the &#8220;Aryan side&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>About 210,000 Jews and about 72,000 Poles died in Bezirk Bia\u0142ystok (Bia\u0142ystok District), established in July 1941. During the German occupation, it included the pre-war Bia\u0142ystok voivodeship (without the Suwa\u0142ki&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11772,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The last Jews of Bia\u0142ystok in the small ghetto and the Commando 1005 - Dignity - DignityNews.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dignitynews.eu\/en\/the-last-jews-of-bialystok-in-the-small-ghetto-and-the-commando-1005\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The last Jews of Bia\u0142ystok in the small ghetto and the Commando 1005 - Dignity - DignityNews.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"About 210,000 Jews and about 72,000 Poles died in Bezirk Bia\u0142ystok (Bia\u0142ystok District), established in July 1941. 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